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rns

Reticulum, encrypted networking over any medium, with its shared instance and the RNode flasher

What it does

Reticulum is a networking stack that does not assume the internet. An address is a hash of a public key, every packet is encrypted, and one network can run over any medium that can carry a few hundred bytes: a LoRa radio, a KISS packet modem, serial, Ethernet or Wi-Fi with no router at all, or the internet when there is one. This unit installs the stack and its command-line tools: rnsd (the daemon), rnstatus (what it is doing), rnpath and rnprobe (can I reach that destination), rnid (identities), rncp (file transfer), rnx (remote commands), rnsh (a remote shell) and rnodeconf (configures and flashes an RNode, Reticulum's LoRa radio), and rnir, rnpkg, rngit, rngcs and git-remote-rns, which ship with rns and are exposed too. It also installs a systemd user service, hammunition-rnsd, so that one shared instance owns the interfaces for every Reticulum program you run.

Why you would want it

For messaging and file transfer that keep working when the infrastructure does not: two laptops on one Wi-Fi or Ethernet segment find each other with no configuration, and the same software reaches further over an RNode on LoRa or a packet TNC. It is a separate network from Meshtastic (the two do not talk to each other) and from Winlink and APRS, and it sits beside them: any KISS modem can carry it, including Direwolf, which packet installs. The nearest alternative in this catalog is Meshtastic, which is a ready-made text mesh with a phone app; Reticulum is a general stack with more to learn and no central design.

Before it will work

Python 3.11 or newer from the distribution, and python3-venv. Nothing else for the local-network case: AutoInterface needs link-local IPv6 and a network that passes multicast between its devices. For LoRa an RNode and membership of dialout (log out and back in after being added). No radio transmits until you attach and configure one; on a network, the AutoInterface announces on every link-local interface from the first start.

How it installs

  • python venv: cffi==2.1.1 --hash=sha256:046bfc24911b37851ee1b51aab8bffe713d89c68c6a057b09484ce9fd5f69b4e --hash=sha256:06c72bb76605a4b0cd0aad6930b69d4baf7dd5d806cfc409b824191099700e66 --hash=sha256:0beceaabe56af686895136a2de78db54ecd8e4046b236b8fd6d6cb61389e9bf2 --hash=sha256:154852545011f779917b11c78db2358d095da62a9a172b78ad0a583ee5adc0d0 --hash=sha256:194cffa889098ced9976c3fc6340305e43f6303657d298da55366907c05c22d6 --hash=sha256:19ee6127ee34de7d83ce3d371ebc5ed91addbdcc39f9ab15ce4eb35a4e534971 --hash=sha256:1a18a57b58cfb21fc28d72e876acf10eaed67a1ed96226f92af4df681d571c4c --hash=sha256:1aa5645c30469b09530c4ebca77ebf8f17618293c58f8549cb1a543a50236e7d --hash=sha256:1dea0e4d7d4f11f619fe8c1d76caf49e24405b4b5743c0e3be16a500ecd930c9 --hash=sha256:208f941bb9d18e768138677f0a6d2ce01f590df56043dda1df1535ac57c88517 --hash=sha256:210019b6c7cf07f081b4c54635c8cf744377001350e29cc0f81c4377b4797735 --hash=sha256:246fa40ce8645a614ff682e0b70f37134e460eaf93a775e0cbe3cca585a67a80 --hash=sha256:25792eac27877609e7bb06d42ff88278a6624fff2ba9bbb523c09616b117e80f --hash=sha256:27350daa11d4f10c540e6e89dada4c54feb7256ad03e9a4dc075ebad7ba360d1 --hash=sha256:28907ab9bfb6aa13184cfc17c6b8e1023c5ab6fd7076d8c20a35e59fe04f8f29 --hash=sha256:2ae64be792b8966f2c69538199728b290e34726562896df1e5dc8ffd8d8188e8 --hash=sha256:31348097ff5bbe827ccc41795d4dd099d9f0625e7def00ee653c137a490c2a6c --hash=sha256:3143d81e29e1e20a9ce10901ec369012947876596f75a222235965f2b7ae832e --hash=sha256:3222ba5d678f80a030e6afbcc33dc1ae5cb45facabb61cee2c7016b8432fde48 --hash=sha256:3311ed60d36f83378794e1009ac6258bafbf81f7888b4caa7b35a521e3f95813 --hash=sha256:334644fbac4eff73d985a17a91226df55d0f394160c4cfb880e084c8f7161cac --hash=sha256:34e261f78cb6ceaaa36f42f2613f4380d94d9c759a9c73c769ee6e0247364632 --hash=sha256:363e05fa78e15116c3c32c210ee36884fd6b9afa6d440e47112c3bd511d64cb6 --hash=sha256:398aff33cee2767e3e781d2554c54bd0dff386bb437581e0d8011fde1a942ec1 --hash=sha256:3d22a20b1fb1632cc72c22f95f7b0d2961c3e1c235f245ba4c606c4771035659 --hash=sha256:42a494cee34437f05546455144f2b5d9ac09b1face62bcfce597d2e521066688 --hash=sha256:42e2f76b9455f5a9a844f770bf3e200ed3da0e15f5df3db9c31fe80b04b3d004 --hash=sha256:42f6930c31dc7f50732c9ae793c2786c7b6b044195967bbdde40bb9be81c4cc0 --hash=sha256:456a61fa52d579ebf9df2e9552ead5129855dbaff6c1e5a9b1bc408809bdc062 --hash=sha256:471cee653ae88de62096552e6d24ccb4a5adb8c8c9f10b5054d0122c15bf2779 --hash=sha256:49cbc70e6542d4ccccb936558d1064a8012541e78f821f955cff24e357776c94 --hash=sha256:4a7c934f7360e8cd64fe9efadcbd10c7c6364f531e432b9a4bf5ccbc9e0e8b50 --hash=sha256:4be96343e422f2dfcd12ab5c9f5aebe03f82f737c6bffeca6830b3875cb44aab --hash=sha256:4f42141fc14250de6dde5ee7ea4432be017252d91f19c5ad043c084cea629cac --hash=sha256:507a24c282e0f42f8ed737cf048572cbf580468da5555764a8331735e9c736b6 --hash=sha256:51b31d1c98274844cfd7838ce00bfc27c7423a4dc00fc0772fc3331c2cc90676 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--hash=sha256:da0e573f9f97159390c89d9f1a9e41908b66d408cc5b58d08cf3847d844c531b --hash=sha256:dd31f52ea1086513bb9df30f8fcee9b8918323ae067a3d5b78bc826a000712be --hash=sha256:dddad92b554513a31f272570678ba307fb9f618f05e3d4a5eacafff9eae03e1d --hash=sha256:df423d40ee8654634421812bc3b196da3f9bd7d32929da813f8394c4348a5358 --hash=sha256:df913725b79db7bcf03448f36b7bf8815363417d5b58deecf9305e3e30f0f21a --hash=sha256:e0bcb7e0f677f543555d2adff3bf19c05f66cdb4796e5ff602442ab2fe3c4ef7 --hash=sha256:e2d65b31f36619cda3999b78b2aa9632e76b78448e7a56fc4240824200e7c4fc --hash=sha256:e6e8cff14d6fb0be70a09c0bdc58096f501952d04624ebf867e0e56da2df8960 --hash=sha256:f16c709686a78c727bbbf059f92b0bf41c6fc60deec706d2dc19f529175a6125 --hash=sha256:f24fb43132a4c6b4cb4eb029492919b2db645be6808d738f244fd146c03c32cb --hash=sha256:f53e442b08449d42821fa4a4fba000095af9f62742a500f978a9f557ec44339a --hash=sha256:f5cfbc5fe74540d335175b656c725d74d90e3730c626d92575eea35029d9afaa --hash=sha256:f81b3b8f3d4e343550fa4baa0e479bba9f2d29ce9c2e9b51d1ce1718d7442fcf --hash=sha256:f8ec5e643a9a937f64e1999eb9f75d072263751912dc5cd06d3c85f8f44be7c3 --hash=sha256:fb92203a88b3d3053034db775110081c49d28be6551923805e039924093761e4 --hash=sha256:fcd22650c908d7b7da162bbfaab594a1227a15d1643a98c68b122ac642fa2264, cryptography==50.0.2 --hash=sha256:0ddc924c04591c2811ca024d62ecad4f7f6f08af8939c211438f48a16bd23602 --hash=sha256:0ec5f09541743261e66e291b4a0cbf0fb2997aeaab6d9e9c740b9dba1b58d1c2 --hash=sha256:0ecbc5652bdb6fc9eaf89a7d196e20941adfe812f43bc4ca05d9150496821047 --hash=sha256:1981f1db4630889b9ef7803fadef12b056f428cb6b85c27ba57b774793b6093c --hash=sha256:1ba34f04897fcdaa73f74145c25f3ec146fbd56593853e88adc2e811303c5f42 --hash=sha256:241449bf940a5d27309bd317e6f9a2af6932113818bb2b8f5c59ddc7ef16da18 --hash=sha256:25784ce8b9621c90c643efb9e1e2162ab3b0224cae446ad5e70e7fcb1ce18b51 --hash=sha256:3dc4fd8058cea1644971207d530e1a03a184a805ffc8ebdddf0599d78a331b81 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--hash=sha256:d8947001be83df1394050758ce0e745dd74fb134eef0a4b5124208dfc3a68c37 --hash=sha256:deb9fde5c60e437ee4821bc9bc39ff31b42135c27e1dc61ef0a629389c1de62e --hash=sha256:dfe9763530994147d9af1def057a5b9658b00e8f8fe8743d144d1e0911c2e454 --hash=sha256:e105ab60406787da31fccc883fc0f733af1efd78f0136a4599692c4083a73d0c --hash=sha256:e275096ea1e60cc595cda2836fd4a6c725d1125108b868be17f53684d164e2cc --hash=sha256:edc3342adf8f697fc5f59c887a304356f147b397809440ed64e2fa6af2f50f37 --hash=sha256:ee247f5c245c9a2fe7c8e2214e295918838e44e00a45a6718451e4004219e767 --hash=sha256:eef4c2f3423810b3070ab391f85436d2f8bbfcb286ac15cbc73190b3563b1f1a --hash=sha256:f21e8a22c8605750c7af886bab299a363721264061b4ac0a30efb73cfd58efc5 --hash=sha256:f265528741e048bce55c3463ed721fb0aa45a5888d8add8cfeccb3035451bbdc --hash=sha256:f2f9bd7f90c64fe89253f0a2c05e3c4856072660429ce8831b4235bf29403a67 --hash=sha256:f785f6161f202ab04d8ca194158968798e480ca058943907972da5f12e2881e8 --hash=sha256:f9f6143a8c75945eb960d9eb98905a441394abfa24afaae239d514ffb2586480 --hash=sha256:fa8f5efb344d6908a1ce62f4a24e2e5780f825d6f53f5f50ec5ffacac72936cb --hash=sha256:fdd28f912fccfec1846a94e2e1e8f9b0012f557f0c46fe4f3eb0d7a87afcf90b, pycparser==3.0 --hash=sha256:600f49d217304a5902ac3c37e1281c9fe94e4d0489de643a9504c5cdfdfc6b29 --hash=sha256:b727414169a36b7d524c1c3e31839a521725078d7b2ff038656844266160a992, pyserial==3.5 --hash=sha256:3c77e014170dfffbd816e6ffc205e9842efb10be9f58ec16d3e8675b4925cddb --hash=sha256:c4451db6ba391ca6ca299fb3ec7bae67a5c55dde170964c7a14ceefec02f2cf0, rns==1.5.6 --hash=sha256:57a2498a6581e994b088ad815f096b7c23ed321e3909b44fe1589f8b08506898 --hash=sha256:975a646836749560f4553e4cc82d7dc9774c6c79c8beef08357264e1d8443626
  • Pins resolved on 2026-10-03 from rns==1.5.6 (see the comment above). Bumping means resolving the set again for rns, lxmf and nomadnet together and changing all three units in one commit.

Known problems

An existing pip or pipx Reticulum is overwritten. If Reticulum was installed with pip or pipx, the engine's wrappers replace ~/.local/bin/rnsd and the other commands, and a pipx install can be damaged through its symlink (issue #288; the engine does not yet check who wrote a ~/.local/bin entry). Remove it first: pipx uninstall rns or python3 -m pip uninstall rns. Uninstalling this unit does not bring the old one back. The licence is not an OSI licence. The Reticulum License is the MIT text plus two added conditions, quoted from upstream's LICENSE (read 2026-10-03): "The Software shall not be used in any kind of system which includes amongst its functions the ability to purposefully do harm to human beings." and "The Software shall not be used, directly or indirectly, in the creation of an artificial intelligence, machine learning or language model training dataset, including but not limited to any use that contributes to the training or development of such a model or algorithm." Hammunition installs it from PyPI at your direction and never mirrors or vendors it, states the terms and does not judge your use of it (D-033, D-021). First start writes a configuration, and the engine writes none. rnsd creates ~/.reticulum/config with its defaults, which enable the AutoInterface: link-local IPv6 multicast on every interface, so two machines on one network find each other. Upstream's manual (1.5.5) says it uses UDP ports 29716 and 42671 and that a firewall may need to allow them; in a Debian 13 container rnsd held UDP 29716 (on a multicast address), 29717 and 42671 (on the link-local address) and no TCP port (measured 2026-10-03). The file and the identity beside it are yours: Hammunition never edits them and hammunition uninstall rns leaves ~/.reticulum in place. The shared instance is a local socket, not a TCP port, and it is not private to your account. On Linux it is the abstract Unix socket @rns/default (measured 2026-10-03), which has no file permissions, so another account on the same machine can attach to it as a client: a second account's rnsd did, with the same warning as below (measured 2026-10-03, Debian 13 container). What an attached client can then send through your interfaces was not measured; treat the machine as a single-operator one. The service is enabled at install and starts at your next login, as the engine's other user services do. To start it now: systemctl --user start hammunition-rnsd. Until it runs, the first Reticulum program you start becomes the shared instance, and stops serving the others when it exits. A second rnsd that finds an instance already running does not fail: it attaches to it, logs "connected to another shared local instance, this is probably NOT what you want!" and rnstatus against its own configuration says "Could not get RNS status" (measured 2026-10-03). rnsd --service logs to ~/.reticulum/logfile, not to the journal, so journalctl --user -u hammunition-rnsd shows little. rnodeconf downloads firmware itself from upstream unless told otherwise (--fw-url, --nocheck, --extract/--use-extracted exist). Where it fetches from and whether it verifies what it fetches were not measured; read the run before you let it flash, and see D-026 for why the flasher is installed and the firmware is not ours. rnsh -l lets the identities you name run commands as you; -n allows anyone and is the wrong switch to try. Three venvs each carry their own rns (about 20 MB, 20 MB and 27 MB for rns, lxmf and nomadnet measured on 2026-10-03). No LoRa link, RNode or TCP hub has been run through this unit.

Keeping it current

  • probe: pypi
  • strategy: reinstall
  • 144 releases since 2020-04-27 and three in the 21 days to 2026-10-02 (1.5.4, 1.5.5, 1.5.6); GitHub's latest release lagged PyPI by one at that date. lxmf and nomadnet each demand rns>=1.5.5, so the three units are bumped together: resolve the closures again for all three, change the version, the pins and the three notes in one commit.

Where to get help with the software itself

GitHub issues and discussions on markqvist/Reticulum, and the manual that ships with it (rnsd --exampleconfig prints the annotated configuration).

Source: catalog/packages/rns.yaml